Broadband Fabry-Perot Cavity Antenna with Two-Layer Partially Reflective Surface Using Periodic Structures

This paper presents a high-gain and wideband Fabry-Perot cavity antenna (FPCA) utilizing a two-layer partially reflective surface (PRS). The PRS composed of periodic unit cells, featuring a cross-dipole slot etched on a square patch. The antenna is intended to operate within the frequency spanning from 5.15-6 GHz for V2X communications using WLAN-based or cellular-based standards. The positive reflection phase gradient, an important characteristic required for a wide gain bandwidth produced by the suggested PRS. A feed antenna consists of a rectangular with a split U-shaped patch and an outer rectangular ring to achieve a wide impedance bandwidth. The parameter study of PRS was conducted using a simulation software to obtain the best performance. The simulation results show that the present FPCA achieves the broadside gain with maximum of 12.9 dBi and a 3-dB gain bandwidth of 10.51%, represent a 7 dB gain improvement over the feed antenna alone. In addition, the impedance bandwidth ranges from 4.92 to 6 GHz, which covers the desired operating frequency range.