Correlation between diffusion-weighted image-derived parameters and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging-derived parameters in the orofacial region

Background Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) are widely used in the orofacial region. Furthermore, quantitative analyses have proven useful. However, a few reports have described the correlation between DWI-derived parameters and DCE-MRI-derived parameters, and the results have been controversial. Purpose To evaluate the correlation among parameters obtained by DWI and DCE-MRI and to compare them between benign and malignant lesions. Material and Methods Fifty orofacial lesions were analysed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*) and perfusion fraction (f) were estimated by DWI. For DCE-MRI, TK model analysis was performed to estimate physiological parameters, for example, the influx forward volume transfer constant into the extracellular-extravascular space (EES) (K trans ) and fractional volumes of EES and plasma components (ve and vp). Results Both ADC and D showed a moderate positive correlation with ve (ρ = 0.640 and 0.645, respectively). K trans showed a marginally weak correlation with f (ρ = 0.296), while vp was not correlated with f or D*; therefore, IVIM perfusion-related parameters and TK model perfusion-related parameters were not straightforward. Both D and ve yielded high diagnostic power between benign lesions and malignant tumours with areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.830 and 0.782, respectively. Conclusion Both D and ve were reliable parameters that were useful for the differential diagnosis. In addition, the true diffusion coefficient (D) was affected by the fractional volume of EES.