Techniques and Innovations for Wisdom Tooth Extractions

Background: Wisdom tooth extractions are common surgical procedures associated with post-operative complications. This quantitative analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of various surgical techniques and innovations in wisdom tooth extractions. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, searching databases for studies published between 2010 and 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies investigating surgical techniques, innovations, and outcomes in wisdom tooth extractions. Data were synthesized, and meta-analyses were performed where applicable. Results: Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Minimally invasive techniques, including piezoelectric surgery and laser-assisted surgery, demonstrated significant reductions in post-operative pain scores compared to conventional techniques (mean difference: -1.5, 95% CI: -2.3 to -0.7, p < 0.001). Advanced imaging modalities, such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, were associated with lower complication rates compared to conventional surgery (odds ratio: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.63, p < 0.001). Biologic adjuncts, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), demonstrated enhanced bone formation and reduced post-operative infection rates compared to controls (mean difference in bone formation: 2.0 mm, 95% CI: 1.5 to 2.5, p < 0.001). Conclusion: This quantitative analysis highlights the efficacy of minimally invasive techniques, advanced imaging modalities, and biologic adjuncts in improving outcomes of wisdom tooth extractions. Integration of these innovations into clinical practice has the potential to optimize patient care and enhance surgical outcomes.