Evaluating the Efficiency of Artificial Insemination Supported by Estrus Synchronization of Dairy Cows in the East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia

Abstract This study was conducted to assess the breeding practices of dairy cattle in the Dejene and Machakel districts. In the present study, the effectiveness of prostaglandin hormone therapy was evaluated, and different factors affecting pregnancy in synchronized cows were detected. Among the cows treated with prostaglandin, 72.20% responded. There was a significant difference between the breeds in which the responding cows and local cows were bred was greater than that in which the cows were crossed. The estrus rates were estimated to be 81.33, 66.67 and 68.33 in the Dejene and Mchakel districts, respectively, for prostaglandin injection. There were significant differences in the estrus rate between artificial insemination technicians (AITS). The conception rates for injection of prostaglandin were 28.5% and 4.0% in Dejene and Mchekel, whereas the numbers of services per conception were 1.56, 2.56 and 2.55 in Dejene and Machakel, respectively. The overall conception rate and number of services per conception for prostaglandin injection were 18.5% and 2.22, respectively. Improvements in facilities and management are necessary before implementing effective estrous synchronization. Skill- and knowledge-based training for enhancing oestrus synchronization must be provided for both farmers and implementers to enhance their perception and adoption of the technology. The AITS must update recent skills and knowledge. Finally, information on breeding practice and the evaluation of the effectiveness of prostaglandin injection may serve as a basis for improving the fertility of dairy cows and will help in the design of appropriate breeding strategies for dairy cattle.