Elasticity and Load-Displacement Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites produced with Different Polymeric Fibers

Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) are ultra-ductile materials, and the fibers used provide superior flexibility and strain capacity. This study investigates the use of two different types of polymeric fibers, Polypropylene (PP) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), with volume fractions of 1 and 2%, and studies their effect on stress-strain relationships, load-displacement behavior, toughness, and elasticity of ECC mixes produced with two strength levels, 30 and 60 MPa. The results showed that mixtures with PVA fiber ionic coating had a better performance than those with PP fibers due to the chemical reaction between the PVA fibers and the ECC matrix. This performance was confirmed by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). For normal-strength concrete (30 MPa), the modulus of elasticity increased by 7.8 and 9.6% for mixes with PP and PVA fibers, respectively, while in high-strength mixes (60 MPa), it increased by 9.4 and 10.85%, respectively. Toughness increases with increasing matrix strength, which is associated with an increase in cement content and fiber fraction. This study also investigates the effect of incorporating a PVA solution in ECC mixes, which leads to an increase in yield stress. This behavior was observed in the stress-strain behavior of 60 MPa mixes with 2% fibers which were compared to 30 MPa mixes with 1% fibers.