Lion- and Scarab-Shaped Egyptian Faience Beads in the Pyany Bor Culture Sites

The article continues the cycle of papers focused on studying Egyptian faience beads discovered in the Pyany Bor Culture monuments. These artifacts raise interest with their cultural and historical significance and suitability for archaeological complex dating. The aim of the study is to throughly describe and publish closed burial complexes that contain lion- and scarab-shaped beads regularly found in the Pyany Bor burials. To attain this goal, the authors have collected and analysed a substantial scope of available sources. The sources include scientific reports, field materials, museum collections and proprietary researches and serve to clarify the context of the explored finds. The study reviews beads found across five cemeteries such as Afoninsky, Tarasovsky, Chegandinsky II, Yuldashevsky and Novoassykulsky. It is particularly noteworthy that the Novoassykulsky cemetery situated in the Pyany Bor culture area south reveals 11 beads in question. This is the largest collection compared to other burial grounds. Totally, the Pyany Bor culture reveals 23 lion- and scarab-shaped beads that allow to date the associated burial complexes back to the early centuries AD.