The idea of colonising Mars has moved from science fiction to serious scientific discussion in the 21st century. The shortage of resources on Earth in recent decades has led to a bold new concept: colonising other planets. If humanitarian and environmental efforts do not help stabilise Earth, a Plan ‘B’ is needed for the survival of humanity. This is not our current reality, but it is approaching fast, and we need to understand this issue better. While transportation costs and technological progress often dominate talks on feasibility, the importance of habitability criteria has received less focus. This paper looks at how survival needs like life support systems, environmental protection, and resource availability impact the economic feasibility of creating a sustainable human colony on Mars.
Swayam Sampoorna (Wed,) studied this question.