Dietary intake of total, animal, and plant proteins and risk of chronic kidney disease: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

In conclusion, while no significant association was observed between total protein intake and CKD risk, both animal and plant protein consumption were associated with a reduced risk. These findings highlight the potential protective role of protein sources in kidney health. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms of these associations and examine the effects of specific protein sources in diverse populations over longer follow-up periods.