Caesarean section rates and indications: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary care centre in Türkiye

Abstract Background Globally, including in Türkiye, caesarean section (C-section) rates have been rising steadily, largely due to changes in clinical practices, maternal preferences, medico-legal concerns, and healthcare system dynamics. This study aims to investigate the impact of a high patient load on C-section rates and their indications within a tertiary care setting. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on women with deliveries over four years, from June 1, 2020, to May 1, 2025. For pairwise comparisons, numerical and nominal variables were analysed with independent t-test or Pearson’s chi-squared test, respectively. A p-value 35 years, multiparity, all categories of preterm birth, early-term birth, low birth weight, and macrosomia. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the overall C-section rate was 55.0%. Among the indications for C-section, the most common was previous uterine surgery, which includes prior C-section and/or myomectomy, followed by foetal distress.