Behavioral insights into maternal nutrition during pregnancy in Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Abstract Introduction Maternal nutrition is a crucial determinant of maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of maternal nutrition among pregnant women attending selected primary healthcare centers in Keffi Local Government Area (LGA), Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Methodology A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Keffi Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire were used to collect data on demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the respondents regarding nutrition in pregnancy. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings, and comparisons were made with results of existing studies. Results and discussion Findings showed that 88% of respondents had good knowledge of maternal nutrition, with 92.3% understanding the meaning of food and 91.2% recognizing the importance of a balance diet. Awareness of food groups and nutritional deficiencies was also high. A positive attitude was observed among 96.7% who agreed on the need for extra food during pregnancy, and 80.1% had favorable attitudes toward healthy dietary intake. However, nutritional practices were not adequate; only 8.2% consumed fruits and vegetables daily, while 66.9% did so occasionally. Socioeconomic constraints and cultural taboos were key barriers to healthy eating. Despite 53.92% showing good dietary practices, a significant gap between knowledge and practice was evident. Conclusion Pregnant women in Keffi LGA generally demonstrated high nutritional knowledge and positive attitudes; however, their dietary practices remain suboptimal, possibly influenced by socioeconomic and cultural factors beyond the scope of this study. Strengthening educational programmes, improving food accessibility, and involving community stakeholders are essential to translating knowledge into practice and improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes.