The growing demand for efficient agricultural solutions has paved the way for smart plant monitoring systems. This research presents PMS—an IoT-based system that integrates the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module with soil moisture, temperature, and humidity sensors to enable real-time plant health monitoring. Data is stored in Google Firebase, while a mobile application provides farmers with remote access to plant conditions. A key feature of this system is its automated irrigation mechanism, which activates when soil moisture drops below a predefined threshold, thereby reducing water wastage and ensuring timely watering. This not only improves water efficiency but also minimizes human intervention in routine plant care. During implementation, challenges such as unstable connectivity and variations in sensor accuracy were observed. Despite these limitations, the results demonstrate that PMS can effectively automate irrigation, promote healthier plant growth, and enhance resource utilization. Its scalability and cost-effectiveness make it suitable for precision agriculture, while future enhancements may include AI-based predictive analytics and solar-powered operation for greater efficiency and sustainability.
Rajput et al. (Tue,) studied this question.