Abstract This study investigated the growth behavior and yield performance of 12 major grape varieties across different agro-climatic zones in India from 2019 to 2021. As a significant fruit crop, grapes contribute extensively to the Indian economy, particularly in states such as Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. This research emphasizes phenological observations, biometric parameters, and yield traits of grape varieties cultivated under various environmental conditions. Using a combination of field observations, biometric measurements, and statistical analyses (ANOVA, DMRT, and regression), this study highlights varietal differences in bud break, leaf area, berry weight, cluster size, and total yield. Notably, varieties such as Thompson Seedless and Anab-e-Shahi have demonstrated superior performance in terms of yield and quality, especially in regions such as Nashik. The influence of climatic variables (temperature, rainfall, and soil moisture) on grape development was significant, indicating a critical role of region-specific viticultural practices. This study also explores the economic impact of grape cultivation, pest and disease management, and future prospects for sustainable viticulture in India. These findings provide valuable insights for growers, researchers, and policymakers aiming to enhance grape productivity and profitability through scientific varietal selection and climate-resilient practices.
Ganesh M. Gangurde (Fri,) studied this question.