What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to develop a novel synthesis method for drug-like benzo- and pyrido-fused N-heterocycles and evaluate their antimicrobial properties.

January 18, 2026Open Access

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some drug-like scaffolds of benzo-and pyrido-fused medium-sized n-heterocycles obtained via intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions

Puntos clave

The research aims to develop a novel synthesis method for drug-like benzo- and pyrido-fused N-heterocycles and evaluate their antimicrobial properties.
Synthesis of heterocyclic esters using catalytic Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions.
Use of 0Cl3/CH3NO2, TfOH, or PPA as catalysts.
Preparation of starting amides through coupling of acryloyl chlorides and pyridin-2-amines.
Screening for antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds.
Successfully synthesized novel tetracyclic compounds in moderate to good yields.
Demonstrated high selectivity and mild reaction conditions for the coupling reactions.
Identified several compounds with significant antimicrobial activity.

Resumen

An unprecedented, concise and environmentally-friendly protocol for the synthesis of benzo- and pyrido-annulated azocinones, azoninones and azecinones 8a-h via Friedel-Crafts reactions is described. These simple and efficient procedures involve cycliacylations of heterocyclic esters 7a-h in the presence of catalytic amount of AlCl3/CH3NO2 or TfOH or PPA catalysts as the key step. Starting amides 3a-d were readily obtained by coupling reactions of acryloyl chlorides 2ab with pyridin-2-amines 1a, b. Our developed strategy offers some high selectivity reactions, mild reaction conditions and easy access to complex medium-sized N-heterocycles in moderate to good yields. All tetracyclic fused compounds have been screened for antimicrobial activity.

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