What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to assess levels of satisfaction with antenatal care services among women and identify the factors contributing to their satisfaction.

February 2, 2026

An Epidemiological Study Assessing the Level of Satisfaction of Women Receiving Antenatal Care in Public Health Facilities in a Resource-constrained State of India

Puntos clave

This study aims to assess levels of satisfaction with antenatal care services among women and identify the factors contributing to their satisfaction.
Cross-sectional survey conducted among 511 women
Participants selected through multi-stage random sampling
Data collected using a pretested questionnaire in Hindi
Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and ordinal logistic regression were employed for analysis.
11.1% of women were satisfied with ANC services
20.4% reported dissatisfaction, higher in urban slums than rural areas
Urban residence and younger age were significant predictors of dissatisfaction
Lack of ASHA contact and untimely visits were associated with lower satisfaction levels.
Barriers included lack of time and distance to facilities.

Resumen

Abstract Background: In India, maternal mortality has reduced to 97 per 100,000 live births, marking progress, though concerns remain about the overall quality of antenatal care (ANC). Evidence from resource-constrained regions is limited, but it is well established that women’s satisfaction with ANC plays a critical role in shaping how effectively these services are used and the outcomes they produce. Objective: The objective of the present study is to assess satisfaction with ANC services among recently delivered women and identify associated factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 511 women, multi-stage random sampling was used to obtain participants from an urban slum and one rural area of the district Lucknow, India. A pretested Hindi questionnaire was used to assess ANC use and satisfaction across four domains. Satisfaction was classified as satisfied (>95% score), moderately satisfied (95%–80% score), or dissatisfied (<80% score). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, correlation, and ordinal logistic regression were used to describe and identify factors associated with satisfaction with ANC. Results: Overall, 11.1% of women were satisfied and 20.4% dissatisfied, with higher dissatisfaction in urban slums than in rural areas ( P = 0.004). Dissatisfaction was associated with urban residence (odds ratio (OR) = 0.54), age <25 years (OR = 0.50), lack of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) contact (OR = 0.48), no advice (OR = 1.89), untimely visits ( P = 0.018), and incomplete care ( P = 0.005). The barriers included lack of time, lack of accompaniment, and distance. Conclusion: ANC satisfaction was moderate. Younger age, urban residence, and service gaps were predictors of dissatisfaction. Strengthening ASHA roles, improving facilities, and encouraging timely ANC may enhance satisfaction and maternal outcomes.

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