The present study was designed to measure social connection in three captive animals in Duhok zoo, including the American white pelican, wild dogs, and red deer, using Social Network Analysis (SNA). The present study was carried out at Duhok Zoo. The study was undertaken from October to December 2021. Three species of captive animals were used for this study, which were: the American white pelican, wild dogs, and red deer. Their numbers were 5, 7, and 6, respectively. Data were collected from the studied animals using direct observations of social interactions. According to the results found with the three species studied, all individuals have social interactions with each other. From the present study, according to the results found, it can be concluded that the social bonding was acceptable to some degree as strong relations were found between some individuals of all the three species studied. However, some individuals were not socially connected at all.
Hussein et al. (Thu,) studied this question.