By analyzing publications that report observations of excess energy and transmutation of elements, conditions are established that are favorable for nuclear reactions without overcoming the Coulomb barrier. At the same time, luminous objects with anomalous properties are often mentioned. The most famous among them is ball lightning, consisting of a spherical thin shell of highly compressed air, in which ordinary white light circulates. The air molecules in the shell are extremely densely packed, which explains the long lifetime of circulating light, which is 3 orders of magnitude longer than the lifetime of sunlight in the earth's atmosphere. However, close packing of molecules is not enough, since there are no reactions in liquids and solids. An assumption has been made that atoms are characterized by an additional parameter that determines the phases of oscillations, that is, atoms are oscillators. To exchange energy, the phases of oscillations in the oscillators must differ. This condition is not satisfied at steady state in liquids and solids, but may occasionally be satisfied when air is compressed in objects with circulating light. It has been shown that cavitation bubbles that arise during water cavitation also belong to such objects. Evidence is provided that during cavitation of water, excess energy is observed with the formation of new neon nuclei.
V. P. Torchigin (Mon,) studied this question.