• We applied the Life Framework in combination with PPGIS data on landscape values. • We identified three life frames: living with/in , living from , and living as nature. • Living in/with related to mapping intrinsic values in protected areas. • The spatial distribution of the life frames showed high variability and overlaps. • Using life frames with PPGIS revealed protected areas heterogeneous meanings.
Jay et al. (Mon,) studied this question.