What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to develop a rapid and sensitive method for detecting etomidate in aquatic products using SERS.

March 3, 2026

Method Study on Determination of Etomidate in Aquatic Products by Chemometrics Combined With SERS.

Puntos clave

The research aims to develop a rapid and sensitive method for detecting etomidate in aquatic products using SERS.
Developed a SERS method with chemometrics for etomidate detection.
Compared three nanoparticle substrates (AgNPs, AuNPs, Au@AgNPs) for their effectiveness.
Constructed a PLS model using seven latent variables and specific preprocessing techniques.
Au@AgNPs achieved the highest enhancement factor of 2231.
Detected etomidate at a limit of detection of 0.1 ng/mL and a limit of quantification of 0.5 ng/mL.
Validated method showed high accuracy and sensitivity in real samples, outperforming HPLC.

Resumen

A rapid and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method combined with partial least squares (PLS) and linear regression models were developed for detecting etomidate in aquatic products. This study compared the performance of three nanoparticle substrates: silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and gold-core silver-shell nanoparticles (Au@AgNPs), with Au@AgNPs showing the highest enhancement factor (EF) of 2231, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 ng/mL, and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.5 ng/mL. The optimal substrate was identified as Au@AgNPs. Furthermore, the binding conditions for etomidate were optimized. The PLS model was constructed using seven latent variables (LVs), used first derivative (FD) + straight-line subtraction (SLS) preprocessing, and a spectral region of 955-1710 cm-1, with R2 C of 0.9831 and R2 P of 0.9517. The SERS method was validated in real samples, showing high accuracy and sensitivity, and a lower detection limit than HPLC. This method is valuable for ensuring seafood safety.

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