Calculating the Climate Water Balance During the Rainy Months and the General Trend of Temperatures and Rainfall and Their Expected Values for the Year 2030 at the Diwaniyah, Samawah and Nasiriyah Stations in Southern Iraq.

In this study, the climatic water balance was calculated during the rainy months (January, February, March, April, May, October, November, and December) using the Thornthwait equation described in (Al-Tayef and Al-Hadithi, 1988). The general trend of temperatures and rainfall and their expected values for the year 2030 were determined at three selected stations in southern Iraq (Diwaniyah, Samawah, and Nasiriyah), shown in Figure 1. This was based on data from the Iraqi General Authority for Meteorology and Seismic Monitoring, which included monthly and annual averages of temperatures, monthly averages of rainfall, and their annual totals for the period (2000-2021). The following conclusions were concluded:-