March 3, 2026Open Access

Preparation and characterization of typical potassium salt dry water and its fire extinguishing performance

Puntos clave

Dry water with potassium salts demonstrated significant fire extinguishing efficiency against wood pile fires, indicating a new firefighting approach.
Thermocouple tests revealed that CH<sub>3</sub>COOK dry water achieved optimal performance, highlighting its potential as a fire suppressant.
Microstructure analysis through SEM and TEM shows that modified dry water forms a robust interconnecting network, enhancing overall strength.
Multiple extinguishing mechanisms were identified, including oxygen isolation by SiO<sub>2</sub> and heat absorption through evaporation.

Resumen

To develop an efficient and environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agent, hydrophobic SiO2 and deionized water were dispersed in a high-speed disperser for a period to form dry water. Cold-curing resin and potassium salts were then added to modify it. The microstructure was characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, and EDS. The fire extinguishing efficiency of different dry waters on wood pile fires was tested using thermocouples and infrared thermal imaging cameras. Results indicate that cold-set resin colloids interconnect to form a network structure, enhancing the dry water's structural strength and improving its pressure resistance. Thermocouple tests on wood pile fires revealed all four dry water formulations effectively extinguished flames, with CH3COOK dry water demonstrating optimal performance. This suggests multiple extinguishing mechanisms: external SiO2 isolates oxygen, internal solution evaporation absorbs heat, and KOH decomposition products react with flame radicals. CH3COOK dry water holds promise as an efficient, eco-friendly fire suppressant.

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