Power electronic systems often suffer from unmodeled dynamics, parameter variations, and nonlinearities, which can affect closed-loop stability and transient performance. This study proposes an innovative metaheuristic approach, referred to as the PID-Based Search Algorithm (PSA), to robustly design feedback controllers, with a focus on DC-DC buck converters. An advanced cascade control approach combining fractional-order proportional-integral and proportional-derivative actions (FOPI-FOPD) is introduced, leveraging fractional calculus to extend conventional control actions via non-integer orders λ and µ, thus enhancing the flexibility and robustness of the control design. PSA simultaneously tunes both gains and fractional orders through the minimization of the ITAE criterion, optimizing both transient and steady-state behavior. Time-domain simulations demonstrate that the PSA-optimized FOPI-FOPD controller outperforms its integer-order counterpart in terms of settling time, overshoot, and disturbance rejection, confirming its correctness and effectiveness in nonlinear converter applications.
Bouguenna et al. (Wed,) studied this question.