Influence of interface flow field on slope deterioration mechanism under freeze–thaw cycles: insights from physical model testing

Puntos clave

• Slope deterioration occurs significantly due to variations in the interface flow field.
• Physical model testing demonstrated erosion rates increase by 30% in varying flow conditions.
• The analysis used soil mechanics principles to simulate freeze-thaw cycles in controlled environments.
• Understanding these mechanisms may help reduce erosion risks in vulnerable landscapes.