Dynamic impact responses and fracture characteristics of rock around a pilot tunnel under in-situ stress

Puntos clave

• Fracture characteristics were significantly influenced by dynamic impact responses in the rock.
• Key evidence indicates that variations in in-situ stress affected the stability of the pilot tunnel.
• Assessment of fracture mechanics was conducted to analyze the effects of dynamic loads.
• This study highlights the importance of understanding rock behavior under in-situ stress for engineering applications.