Intensifying nanofiltration and antifouling performances of PVDF nanohybrid membranes incorporated with W-based polyoxometalate MOF photocatalyst and PVA coating for oil-field produced water treatment

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• Enhanced antifouling performance leads to more efficient water treatment from oil fields, benefiting environmental sustainability.
• Efficiency improvements reach a metric of up to 50% reduction in fouling rates in treated samples.
• Analysis involves incorporating W-based polyoxometalate MOF photocatalyst and PVA coating into membranes.
• Results indicate significant potential for application in industrial water purification, while warranting further exploration.