Preparation and characterization of 3D-printed bio-composite footpads using TPU and PLA structures with polymeric infiltration

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• Bio-composite footpads show improved structural integrity and flexibility compared to traditional materials.
• Key evidence indicates that these footpads achieved a tensile strength of 30 MPa, enhancing durability.
• 3D printing technology was utilized for fabricating footpads, incorporating thermoplastic polyurethane and polylactic acid for optimal performance.
• Implications of this study support the potential integration of bio-composite materials in sustainable footwear design.