Microtransactions in games – an analysis of a crowdfunding perspective

As computer and video games become more popular and widely accepted in society, there are multiple options for the monetisation of the available business models. Recent scientific efforts have analysed various gaming mechanisms on a social, economic, and technical level. Observing funding opportunities for digital entertainment, crowdfunding as an alternative means of financing is only mentioned for the realisation of projects. This study focuses on shedding light on the issue of whether and how developers and publishers apply crowdfunding techniques. By applying an adapted grounded theory approach to 13 games, resulting in a theoretical framework, the discussion leads to the different benefits crowdfunding has for the organisation running the campaign. The main findings of the study include an overview of different scenarios of crowdfunding and how the crowd can be engaged. Furthermore, the research provides links for potential future business models in the field of gaming. While applying the grounded theory approach in a new, adapted way, all stakeholders involved in digital entertainment can gain useful information from the findings at hand – from marketing ideas to commercial approaches. In respect thereof, the present study adds original value to the economic and financial perspective of the rising digital entertainment industry.