What question did this study set out to answer?

Evaluate cervical cancer prevalence before and after HPV vaccination in Rio Grande do Sul and Australia.

March 17, 2026The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases0 citationsOpen Access

HPV Vaccination and Cytopathological Screening: Lessons From Australia in Cervical Cancer Prevention and Challenges in Rio Grande Do Sul

BIBrenda Staehler IndicattiUniversidade de Caxias do Sul VSVictoria Orlandin SantosUniversidade de Caxias do Sul LWLiliana Portal WeberUniversidade de Caxias do Sul

Puntos clave

Evaluate cervical cancer prevalence before and after HPV vaccination in Rio Grande do Sul and Australia.
Conducted a bibliographic review using databases such as DataSUS and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
Analyzed cytopathological tests and diagnosed cervical cancer cases in women aged 25 to 64 years.
Compared vaccination coverage rates between Rio Grande do Sul and Australia.
In 2022, only 0.27% of women aged 25–64 were screened in Rio Grande do Sul, with a 13% cervical cancer diagnosis rate.
Australia had a screening coverage of 68% in the same age group, with a diagnosis rate of just 0.1%.
Vaccination rates were 78% in Rio Grande do Sul for girls aged 9–14, compared to 85% in Australia.

Resumen

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has more than 200 subtypes. Genotypes 16 and 18 are associated with cervical cancer, which predominantly affects women aged 25 to 64 years. Prevention is achieved through condom use, vaccination – available through the Unified Health System (SUS) – and cytopathological screening. In Brazil, the state of Rio Grande do Sul ranks fourth in cervical cancer incidence, with low vaccination coverage and poor adherence to screening. In contrast, Australia – pioneer in HPV vaccination – is on track to eliminate this cancer by 2035, serving as a global reference in prevention. This study aims to compare the prevalence of cervical cancer before and after HPV vaccination between Rio Grande do Sul and Australia, highlighting the importance of cytopathological screening and vaccination in disease reduction. A bibliographic review was conducted using the Keywords cervical cancer; HPV; cytopathology; vaccination, in the “DataSUS” and “Australian Institute of Health and Welfare” databases. The study analyzed women aged 25 to 64 years, cytopathological tests performed during the period, number of diagnosed cervical cancer cases, and vaccination coverage in Rio Grande do Sul (2022) and Australia (2006 and 2022). In 2022, Rio Grande do Sul showed low cytopathological screening coverage, with only 0.27% of women aged 25–64 screened, and 13% of these cases diagnosed with cervical cancer. In the same age group, Australia achieved 68% screening coverage, with a cancer detection rate of 0.1%. Regarding HPV vaccination, 78% of girls aged 9–14 were vaccinated in Rio Grande do Sul versus 85% in Australia, demonstrating the positive impact of broad vaccination and systematic screening. Vaccination and screening significantly impact the epidemiological profile of cervical cancer over time. The Australian model, characterized by high coverage and substantial reduction in incidence, serves as a reference. In contrast, Rio Grande do Sul shows low adherence to preventive measures and higher disease rates. Strengthening public policies with continuous monitoring is essential to effectively reduce cervical cancer in the region.

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Cite This Study

Indicatti et al. (Sun,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69b8ef52deb47d591b8c55d5 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2026.104912

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