This paper presents a detailed laboratory-based experimental investigation on determining the optimum replacement levels of Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as supplementary cementitious materials in concrete. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was partially replaced with GGBS at levels of 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10%, while Fly Ash was incorporated at replacement levels of 20%, 40%, and 60% of the total binder content. A constant water-to-cementitious materials ratio of 0.45 was maintained for all concrete mixes to ensure uniformity and comparability of results. The study was conducted on M25 grade concrete, designed with a mix proportion of 1:1.36:2.71.
Kumar et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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