Introduction: Self-perceived health (SPH) is a key measure of overall well-being that reflects an individual's evaluation of their physical and mental health. Influenced by biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, SPH often varies between sexes owing to differences in symptom reporting, coping mechanisms, and societal norms. It is also a strong predictor of health care use and mortality risk. Chronic diseases contribute to sex-based disparities in health perception. This study aimed to assess sex disparities in self-perceived health among Saudi adults and to determine the influence of chronic disease and socioeconomic status on health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,014 adults across Eastern, Western, and Central Saudi Arabia between July 2022 and January 2023. Data were collected via an online survey. SPH was measured using a single self-rated health question and was categorized as good or poor. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression analyses identified predictors of poor SPH stratified by sex. Results: Women reported poorer SPH than did men (12.9% vs. 8.3%, p=0.001). Chronic disease was the strongest predictor of poor SPH, with a greater impact on women (aOR=3.2, 95% CI: 2.7–10.0) than on men (aOR=2.7, 95% CI: 1.90–6.9). Older age (≥60 years) and low income further increased the odds of poor SPH, particularly among women. Conclusions: Sex disparities in SPH among Saudi adults are shaped by chronic diseases, age, and socioeconomic factors, disproportionately affecting women. Incorporating SPH assessments into routine care may support early identification of vulnerable groups and inform equitable health policies.
Rajaa M Mohammad Al-Raddadi (Thu,) studied this question.