GTKO/CMAHKO/β4GalNT2KO/hCD55/hTBM donor liver transplantation was associated with an absence of early severe thrombocytopenia, transfusion requirement, and TMA, but long-term survival was limited by immune-mediated rejection and cross-species incompatibilities in coagulation factor synthesis. Optimizing (i) donor genetic modifications and (ii) immunosuppressive therapy, with (iii) replacement of targeted coagulation factors will be crucial for achieving durable survival in pig liver xenotransplantation.
Zhang et al. (Sun,) studied this question.