The aim of the study is to conduct a thermodynamic analysis of the static patterns of the liquid-solid-phase extraction of heat-labile components using the example of obtaining extracts from Jerusalem artichoke and licorice root. Objectives: to experimentally identify the static patterns of the liquid-solid-phase extraction process of the study objects; to conduct a thermodynamic analysis of the static patterns of the liquid-solid-phase extraction process; to determine the extraction static parameters, such as the energy components of the Gibbs free energy; to evaluate the thermal effect of the liquid-solid-phase extraction process of the study objects. The objects of the study are Jerusalem artichoke, licorice root, and aqueous extracts of inulin and glycyrrhizic acid. In this study, this analysis is carried out based on the equations of thermodynamics. The results of calculating the distribution constants of the target components between the extractant and the solid phase are presented, and the extraction static parameters, such as the energy components of the Gibbs free energy, are determined. Taking into account the total heat expended during component transfer from phase to phase, the heat balance equation, for example, determines the temperature change during extraction, taking into account the heat capacity of the extract. It should be noted that the thermal effect can increase with changes in the extract's hydromodulus and concentration, as well as the type of extractant, the nature of the raw material, and the component being transferred. The obtained results allow us to take into account the exothermic or endothermic effect for each type of raw material and transferred component during the extraction process, while maintaining temperature constraints. They can also be used to determine the energy intensity of the extraction process and model the operation. Energy during extraction is spent not only on the dissolution of the extracted component itself but also on overcoming its structural (entropic) or adsorption bond with the raw material or raffinate. This can be achieved through physical effects, in particular, additional energy from heating the hydromodule or extractant or through ultrasonic cavitation.
Aleksanyan et al. (Fri,) studied this question.