This study aims to characterize age-specific stay clusters and examine their spatial overlap across age groups using GPS data from Tokyo. First, we show that stay clusters with an intensity at least 50 times the average are more than twice as numerous for youths as for working-age adults, while they are almost absent for senior citizens. During the daytime, youths form localized clusters around high schools and universities, adults concentrate in central wards and major urban centers, and senior citizens exhibit dispersed and diverse clusters. Second, on weekday evenings, hotspots of simultaneous stays involving youths emerge mainly around subcenters and railway stations, whereas those involving senior citizens occur around downtown areas and large-scale commercial facilities. In suburban areas, stay clusters and hotspots overlap more strongly, with simultaneous stays centered on adult clusters in business districts and on youth clusters in suburbs. These findings inform age-sensitive living environments and urban revitalization.
Takeuchi et al. (Thu,) studied this question.