What question did this study set out to answer?

To explore the pathogenesis, clinical spectrum, and management strategies for gallstone disease.

April 4, 2026Open Access

Gallstone Disease (Cholelithiasis): Pathogenesis, Clinical Spectrum, Differential Diagnosis & Surgical Management

Puntos clave

To explore the pathogenesis, clinical spectrum, and management strategies for gallstone disease.
Review of epidemiologic data from 2010-2025
Analysis of mechanisms behind stone formation
Examination of clinical presentations and complications
Assessment of differential diagnosis and surgical management strategies
Identified a wide spectrum from asymptomatic cases to severe complications
Highlighted the importance of early diagnosis to prevent severe outcomes
Outlined modern minimally invasive techniques for surgical management

Resumen

Gallstone disease (cholelithiasis) is a highly prevalent hepatobiliary disorder characterized by the formation of calculi within the gallbladder or biliary tract. It ranges from asymptomatic disease to life‑threatening complications such as acute calculous cholecystitis and cholangitis. This review integrates epidemiologic data (2010–2025), mechanisms of stone formation, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, complications, and modern surgical management strategies. Emphasis is placed on early diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment.

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