Antibacterial infections/ wastewater and their propagation pose significant risks to human health and well-being. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and Chitosan (CS) based composites, a promising antibacterial, Cytotoxic/photocatalysis study, has garnered significant interest for its ability to mitigate bacterial transmission/low toxic/wastewater treatment, owing to its exceptional stability, high efficiency, and environmental sustainability. The antibacterial, Cytotoxic/photocatalysis efficacy of g-C3N4 and CS is influenced by various parameters, such as its specific surface area, fast electron-hole recombination, and optical absorption characteristics. To enhance the efficacy of the antibacterial, Cytotoxic/photocatalysis activities of g-C3N4 and CS and broaden its applicability, several nanocomposites and nanoparticles have been synthesized and assessed. In this study Ag-NPs, Ag@CS, and Ag@gC3N4 nanoparticles and nanocomposites shown remarkable results. The antibacterial behavior of the Ag-NPs (K4) at different concentration zone of inhibition is measured and remarkable activity is observed at 2.5% having (B. subtilis, E. coli and K. pneumoniae and standard drug, 10.16 ± 0.02, 10.85 ± 0.02, 11.16 ± 0.02 and 14 ± 0.06) while in case of composites higher activity found at 2.0% of Ag-CS (K5) (B. subtilis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae standard drug gentamycin, 10.40 ± 0.10, 12.05 ± 0.10, 11.70 ± 0.10 and 11 ± 0.06) & Ag-gC3N4 (K6) NCs B. subtilis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and standard drug (9.40 ± 0.08, 15.05 ± 0.05, 7.70 ± 0.10 and 11 ± 0.06) in different ratios was performed against the standard drug gentamicin. While hence, it will be changing the higher death rate found at the higher concentration and the result is concluded Ag-NPs (K4), Ag-CS (K5) & Ag-gC3N4 (K6) NCs are found to be less toxic than others. The photocatalytic reaction for Ag-NPs (K4) at 2% 35 ± 1.20%, while Ag-CS (K5) at 6% 49 ± 1.10%, and Ag-gC3N4 (K6) at 6% 51 ± 1.10% against degradation of 4-NP. All the synthesized nanoparticles and nanocomposites were characterized through various spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Visible, X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy. All the synthesized NPs and NCs are found to be effective for health and industrial sector for wastewater treatment.
Badshah et al. (Thu,) studied this question.