The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates advanced battery management systems that ensure safety, reliability, and real-time monitoring. This paper presents an IoT-based Electrical Vehicle Battery Management System (EVBMS) with integrated charge monitoring, fire protection, and user authentication using an ESP32 microcontroller and the Blynk IoT platform. The proposed system continuously monitors battery voltage, battery temperature, and motor temperature using dedicated sensors, while a flame sensor provides early fire detection for enhanced safety. Local system status and alerts are displayed on a 16×2 LCD, and real-time data is transmitted wirelessly to a mobile application for remote monitoring and control. Experimental results obtained from the hardware prototype demonstrate effective system performance. The battery voltage was accurately monitored at 11.05–11.21 V, while the battery temperature remained within safe operating limits at 29.9 °C under normal conditions. Motor overheating and flame detection events were successfully identified and indicated through LCD alerts and Blynk notifications, with automatic motor shutdown enabled via a relay module. The results confirm reliable real-time monitoring, rapid fault detection, and secure user access, making the proposed EVBMS a cost effective and scalable solution for next-generation smart electric vehicle applications.
RADHIKA et al. (Thu,) studied this question.