What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to develop a sensitive, non-invasive method for early lung cancer detection using multi-omics approaches.

April 5, 2026

Abstract 2553: Multi-omics liquid biopsy approach for sensitive detection of lung cancer via cfDNA and extracellular vesicles-RNA

Puntos clave

The aim is to develop a sensitive, non-invasive method for early lung cancer detection using multi-omics approaches.
Analyzed plasma samples from lung cancer patients and normal subjects under IRB approval.
Isolated cfDNA using the cfPure MAX kit and profiled it with a targeted gene panel.
Extracted EV-RNA using the SmartSEC and EVery kits, followed by RNA sequencing.
Integrated cfDNA and EV-RNA data for comprehensive analysis.
Combined cfDNA and EV-RNA profiling shows feasibility in analyzing tumor biology.
This method reduces false negatives compared to single analyte tests.
Identifies biomarkers missed when using only DNA or RNA indicators.

Resumen

Abstract Background: Early detection of lung cancer remains challenging due to tumor heterogeneity and the limitations of single-analyte assays. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) captures genomic alterations, including mutations, copy number variations, and methylation patterns, but does not reflect gene activity. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry varieties of small non-coding RNAs reflecting dynamic tumor processes, especially miRNAs that are implicated in regulating the expressions of oncogenes and tumor suppressors in cancer progression. Methods: Under IRB approval, plasma from 5 normal subjects and 10 pathology-confirmed lung cancer patients, collected with informed consent from BioChain Institute’s repository, was analyzed. cfDNA was isolated using BioChain’s bead-based automatable cfPure® MAX Cell-Free DNA Extraction Kit and profiled with a targeted lung cancer gene panel. EV-RNA was extracted using SBI’s SmartSEC EV isolation kit and EVery EV RNA Isolation Kit, followed by RNA-sequencing. Human normal Cell-Free DNA Control from 5 pooled normal donors from BioChain Institute was used as a control. Integration of cfDNA and EV-RNA readouts was performed to assess complementary genomic and transcriptomic signals. Results and Conclusions: Combined cfDNA targeted NGS and EV-RNA sequencing from a single plasma sample is feasible and provides complementary insights into tumor biology. This multi-omics liquid biopsy approach reduces false negatives compared with single-analyte tests and enables identification of biomarkers that may be overlooked when assessing DNA or RNA alone. Together, cfDNA and EV-RNA profiling offer a more comprehensive, non-invasive strategy for early detection, monitoring disease progression, and informing treatment decisions in lung cancer. Citation Format: Vidyodhaya Sundaram, Nisshanthini Sambasivam Durairaju, Elim Cheung, Vinh Lam, Wei Zheng, Edwin Haghnazari. Multi-omics liquid biopsy approach for sensitive detection of lung cancer via cfDNA and extracellular vesicles-RNA abstract. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2026; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2026 Apr 17-22; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2026;86(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 2553.

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