Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is internationally recognised as essential to public health and young people’s rights. Yet its implementation in Australia and globally is increasingly undermined by conservative backlash, moral panic and political interference. This paper offers a critical reflection on the current landscape of CSE, drawing on insights from a panel discussion at the 2025 World Association for Sexual Health congress, and collaborative analysis. As early-career researchers, sexologists and practitioners working across education, communications, public health and sexual violence prevention, we utilise our collective experience to examine how various influences shape and constrain the delivery of CSE. We map key sites of resistance, including constructions of childhood innocence, backlash against gender and sexuality, and the denial of young people’s right to accurate and affirming information. In addition, we outline the broader international and economic benefits of CSE. Positioning CSE as essential social infrastructure at the nexus of rights, health and education, we argue that its value extends well beyond information provision. CSE operates to support young people’s well-being, nurture affirming and respectful relationships, and challenge exclusionary norms. We conclude by calling for renewed advocacy, collective solidarity and ongoing reflection to cement CSE as critical for young people.
Vrankovich et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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