The Impact of Intravesical Instillations on Quality of Life in Patients with Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review

Frequent intravesical instillations can significantly impair QoL, particularly among older patients. While emerging therapies and supportive strategies may help alleviate treatment burden, clinical decision-making must carefully balance QoL with oncologic outcomes. Future research should prioritize personalized approaches that integrate both clinical efficacy and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).