Transcriptional regulatory circuits controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and function

We are witnessing a period of renewed interest in the biology of the mitochondrion. The mitochondrion serves a critical function in the maintenance of cellular energy stores, thermogenesis, and apoptosis. Moreover, alterations in mitochondrial function contribute to several inherited and acquired human diseases and the aging process. This review summarizes our understanding of the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms involved in the biogenesis and energy metabolic function of mitochondria in higher organisms.