Performance of Xpert/MTB/RIF assay for childhood pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV negative children with real world evidence in China

Xpert/MTB RIF assay has acceptable sensitivity and excellent specificity for rapid diagnosis of children with pulmonary TB as well as for the detection of RIF resistance in China. However, implementation of Xpert for the initial diagnosis of childhood PTB is inadequate to meet the urgent requirement for rapid and accurate detection of childhood PTB.