PID Controller Design Based on Sine Cosine Algorithm for Magnetic Ball Suspension System

In this study, a new approach to control the position of the ball in the magnetic suspension system is proposed and a proportional + integral + derivative (PID) controller is designed. By using the sine cosine algorithm (SCA), the optimal PID controller parameters were obtained by minimizing a new objective function, which consists of the integral of the time-weighted squared error (ITSE) performance index and the overshoot. With this proposed approach, the performance of the system is improved optimally specifically in terms of settling time and overshoot. The effectiveness of the proposed SCA-based controller was verified by comparisons made with the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm-based and wind driven optimization (WDO) algorithm-based controllers (in terms of convergence curves, pole/zero map, transient response and performance index).