DeepSeek-R1 outperforms Gemini 2.0 Pro, OpenAI o1, and o3-mini in bilingual complex ophthalmology reasoning

DeepSeek-R1 demonstrated superior performance in bilingual complex ophthalmology reasoning tasks than three state-of-the-art LLMs. These findings highlight the potential of advanced LLMs to assist in clinical decision-making and suggest a framework for evaluating reasoning capabilities.