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In grand unified models, the abundance of superheavy magnetic monopoles in the universe can be suppressed if (1) the phase transition which creates the monopoles occurs after much supercooling; and (2) immediately after the phase transition, the effective monopole mass is large compared with the temperature. These requirements impose constraints on the history of the early universe. The Georgi-Glashow SU (5) group probably breaks to SU (4) U (1) before it reaches SU (3) SU (2) U (1).
Guth et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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