What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to investigate the causes and timeline of joint degeneration in end-stage ankle osteoarthritis.

April 15, 2026Open Access

End-Stage Ankle Osteoarthritis: Exploring the Precedent Causes and Time Course of Joint Degeneration.

This research aims to investigate the causes and timeline of joint degeneration in end-stage ankle osteoarthritis.
Conducted an observational comparative study to analyze joint degeneration
Examined precedent causes of ankle osteoarthritis
Documented the time course of degeneration over specific intervals
Identified key precipitating factors leading to joint degeneration
Established a timeline for the progression of ankle osteoarthritis
Highlighted variations in degeneration rates among different causal factors

Observational comparative study; Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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Cesar de Cesar Netto

Duke University

Cristopher Cychozs

University of Iowa

Nacime Salomão Barbachan Mansur

Duke University

Duke University

University of Iowa

Slocum Center for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

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