The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control

### Summary box Only a few African countries like Ethiopia and Mozambique have long standing National Public Health Institutes (NPHI). However, since the large 2014–2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa, many African countries have been setting up NPHI1 2 to optimise the use of scarce resources to prevent, detect and respond to infectious disease threats. The Africa Union and the Economic …