ABSTRACT Image summarizing the methodology, the results and the conclusion of the study This study aimed to determine and understand abundance fluctuations and susceptibility towards some β-lactams, quinolones, and aminoglycosides of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from different aquatic ecosystems of an agricultural area in Cameroon. Sixteen points were chosen to collect samples from wastewater, surface water, well water, and spring water. The bacterial species were isolated on chromagar-ESBL culture medium. Susceptibility of isolates to 16 antibiotics was carried out following the diffusion method of antibiotic discs on Mueller-Hinton medium. Results showed that bacteria abundance variations were strongly influenced by physicochemical parameters. Their resistance profile significantly varied according to the antibiotic type and the water ecosystem. ESBL-Ec resistance profile is more governed by pH, temperature, NH4+, PO43, phosphates and water color, whereas that of ESBL-Kp is more impacted by pH and temperature. Bacteria strains displayed, at different levels, resistance to all the tested β-lactams, quinolones, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Imipenem, cefoxitin, meropenem, amikacin, and gentamicin remain relatively effective therapeutic options against these strains. Their abundances, resistance rates, multidrug resistance, and multiple antibiotic resistance index gradually decreased from wastewater to surface water and groundwater, confirming wastewater and surface water as hotspots and pathways for ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp dissemination.
Moifon et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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