Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in (6.1%) and the second most common cancer in mortality (9.2%) worldwide. Aim This work aimed to determine clinico-epidemiological characteristics of rectal cancer, to assess the response and adverse effects of treatment of metastatic and non-metastatic rectal cancer patients and to analysis of different prognostic factors and their impact on survival (disease free survival, overall survival, and progression free survival). Patients and methods This retrospective study was carried out on 200 patients aged more than 18 years old, both sexes, diagnosed with histologically confirmed rectal cancers. Results There was significantly higher overall survival in nonmetastatic patients in males, patients younger than 50 years, patients of performance status 0–1, patients with low grade tumors, with upper-lying rectal tumors, with low T stage, with N0 stage, and significantly lower with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen, intestinal obstruction and bleeding per rectum ( P <0.05). The predictors of the probability of overall survival nonmetastatic patients demonstrated that male sex, associated comorbidities, performance status, grade, and site of the tumor are independent predictors of the probability of overall survival nonmetastatic patients. metastatic patients demonstrated that poor performance status is an independent predictor of the probability of overall survival for metastatic patients. Conclusions Nonmetastatic overall survival and disease-free survival are significantly affected by the grade of the tumor and overall survival also significantly affected by sex, comorbidities, performance status, and tumor site.
Oreiby et al. (Wed,) studied this question.