The universal income is the governmental public programme which is held to deliver certain amount of payment to all the individuals without any kind of mean test or the work requirement. It has been found that the universal basic income has been demonstrated in different ways based on the racial thinkers, liberals, as well as utopian socialists such as Thomas Spence, John Stuart Mill, Thomas Paine, Joseph Charlier, and Charles Fourier, in the 18th and 19th century (Calsamiglia & Flamand, 2019). The concept of universal income falls under several labels such as demo-grant, revenue of citizens, social dividend, and basic income. In the present days, the concept of universal income is very popular amongst European countries. Finland is also one of the countries which have tested the universal basic income by providing certain amount of grants to the public without judging their current income level, job, and the individuals whom they are living with. This experiment done by Finland got lots of unprecedented attention from all around the globe. The Finnish government has published the preliminary result of the experiment, and the result is seen disappointing. Furthermore, the use of bottom-up perspective is suitable for the analysis of the basic income experimentation in Finland to develop the perception of basic income in terms of community. The bottom-up approach is the system of information processing in which the incoming data from the environment is used to develop perception. This essay discusses the universal basic income experiment done by Finland as well as the result based on the sociological, socio-economic and social innovation, and community-led perspectives.
David Adam Dr Braimer (Thu,) studied this question.