Spark Erosion (EDM) is a state-of-the-art machine that is significantly used for the high accuracy and perfection of cutting high-performance materials. This study investigates the consequences of different wire electrode materials, such as copper, brass, molybdenum, tungsten, and coated wires, which are examined based on their thermal characteristics, density, and cost-effectiveness, and directly affect the machining performance and efficiency. Moreover, Conventional based dielectrics like kerosene, transformer oil, mineral oil, and paraffin emit greenhouse gases, pollutants, and noxious fumes into the atmosphere, which negative impact on the environment. Therefore, alternative sustainable and green dielectric fluids were examined, emphasizing their advantages. Furthermore, this paper explores the applications of Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) in medical science, aerospace, civil engineering, automotive, spacecraft, and robotics. This study explore the importance of intelligent material, dielectric fluids and electrode material selection in machining performance.
P. K. Rawat (Sun,) studied this question.