Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing programme

In spite of continuous advances in anaesthesia, surgery and perioperative care, major surgery is still associated with undesirable sequel such as pain, cardiopulmonary, infective and thromboembolic complications, cerebral dysfunction, nausea and gastrointestinal paralysis, fatigue, and prolonged convalescence.1.Kehlet H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) was initiated by Professor Henrik Kehlet in the 1990s,1.Kehlet H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar and enhanced recovery programmes (ERPs) have become an important focus of perioperative management for most major surgeries. These care pathways are integrated as the patient moves from home through the pre-hospital/pre-admission, pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative phases of surgery and home again. ERAS represents a model of perioperative care in by re-examining traditional practices and replacing them with evidence-based good practices when necessary. It also covers each phase of the patient's journey through the surgical process. These programmes attempt to modify the physiological and psychological responses to major surgery,2.Fearon K.C. Ljungqvist O. Von Meyenfeldt M. Revhaug A. Dejong C.H. Lassen K. et al.Enhanced recovery after surgery: a consensus review of clinical care for patients undergoing colonic resection.Clin Nutr. 2005; 24: 466-477Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1019) Google Scholar and have been shown to lead to a reduction in complications and hospital stay, improvements in cardiopulmonary function, earlier return of bowel function, and earlier resumption of normal activities.3.Lassen K. Soop M. Nygren J. Cox P.B. Hendry P.O. Spies C. et al.Consensus review of optimal perioperative care in colorectal surgery: enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) Group recommendations.Arch Surg. 2009; 144: 961-969Crossref PubMed Scopus (781) Google Scholar,4.Eskicioglu C. Forbes S.S. Aarts M.A. Okrainec A. McLeod R.S. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs for patients having colorectal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.J Gastrointest Surg. 2009; 13: 2321-2329Crossref PubMed Scopus (200) Google Scholar The key principles of the ERAS protocol include pre-operative counselling, pre-operative nutrition, avoidance of peri-operative fasting, and carbohydrate loading up to 2 ​h pre-operatively, standardised anaesthetic and analgesic regimens (epidural and non-opioid analgesia) and early mobilisation.5.Weimann A. Braga M. Harsanyi L. Laviano A. Ljungqvist O. Soeters P. et al.ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: surgery including organ transplantation.Clin Nutr. 2006; 25: 224-244Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (846) Google ScholarOne of the most important aspects is the ERAS team.6.Melnyk M Casey R. G Black P Koupparis A.J. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols: time to change practice?.Canad Urol Asso J = J de l’Asso des Urol du Canad. 2011; 5: 342-348Crossref PubMed Scopus (218) Google Scholar It is an interdisciplinary team and refers to a group of healthcare professionals from diverse fields who work together in a cohesive and collaborative fashion with trust to share expertise, knowledge, and skills to engage and optimise the patient across the entire pathway.7.Nancarrow S.A Booth A. Ariss S. Smith T. Enderby P. Roots A. Ten principles of good interdisciplinary team work.Hum Resour Health. 2013; 11: 19Crossref PubMed Scopus (339) Google Scholar,8.Care P.-C. CRNAs and the Interprofessional Team. American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, Park Ridge, IL2012Google Scholar This includes pre-admission staff, dieticians, nurses, physiotherapists, social workers, occupational therapists, and doctors. All team members must be familiar with ERAS principles and be motivated to carry out the programme; they must be able to overcome traditional concepts, teaching, and attitudes towards perioperative care.6.Melnyk M Casey R. G Black P Koupparis A.J. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols: time to change practice?.Canad Urol Asso J = J de l’Asso des Urol du Canad. 2011; 5: 342-348Crossref PubMed Scopus (218) Google Scholar For implementation to be successful, nurses were found to be key and play a central part of the team taking care of surgical patients by providing education, peri-operative care, and post-operative evaluation, as well as cost containment.9.Brady K.M. Keller D.S. Delaney C.P. Successful implementation of an enhanced recovery pathway: the nurse's role.AORN J. 2015; 102: 469-481Crossref PubMed Scopus (19) Google Scholar They are at the forefront of daily patient care and have therefore a major impact on securing the adherence to ERAS pathway elements. Nursing within ERAS care implies a shift from traditional nursing to additional important tasks, including dedicated information (setting expectations), coaching of patients, and control, monitoring, and documentation of the recovery process.10.Pache B. Addor V. Hübner M. Nursing considerations during patient recovery.in: Ljungqvist O. Francis N.K. Urman R.D. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery: A Complete Guide to Optimizing Outcomes. Springer International Publishing, Cham2020: 229-234Crossref Google Scholar Systematic implementation of ERAS was associated with decreased nursing workload and higher compliance was associated with lower work burden for the nurses.11.Hübner M Addor V. J. C. et impact of an enhanced recovery pathway on nursing a J Surg. 2015; 24: PubMed Scopus Google considerations for ERAS education, and to surgery and also care in It also to and patient and early R. A. J. C. et and postoperative for undergoing surgery Google A. K. J. M. A for patients undergoing surgery: a review of and of 2015; Scopus Google Scholar patients and and nursing professionals and impact of ERAS and ERAS implementation the with members of the team including the and have shown patients to be well and from a at the time of for up to K. K. H. J. C. of psychological and after for 2005; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar to be in nurses be and to the for with and K. K. H. J. C. of psychological and after for 2005; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar to by patients on to post-operative phase are and are also most when they are able to engage in such as to to A. A the to implementation of enhanced recovery after J Surg. PubMed Scopus Google of patients with is The been to the of and and the patient to with the of H. Enhanced recovery after surgery in PubMed Scopus Google Scholar nutrition, for patients undergoing is an for complications, hospital and for in patients undergoing and surgery: an of Google Scholar and of is an of ERAS In of the the of and as of the in a of A. Braga M. Harsanyi L. Laviano A. Ljungqvist O. Soeters P. et al.ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: surgery including organ transplantation.Clin Nutr. 2006; 25: 224-244Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (846) Google have be up to 2 and a up to anaesthesia, in and M. S. P. for to perioperative Google Scholar including be in patients with gastrointestinal as well as in patients undergoing J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google Scholar on of to be The ERAS to be with and to be for pain, nutrition, and of ERAS of post-operative care are for patients undergoing M. of the enhanced recovery after J Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar must perioperative to post-operative include pain, H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google for monitoring, and documentation to be to be and for recovery and return function, for of to are for early and A.J. S. surgery: peri-operative PubMed Google Scholar These be by management of pain, post-operative surgical care, and early of post-operative is a to post-operative and when integrated an the surgical organ and gastrointestinal to early and to early H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar of in care the to care nausea and in management of M. A for postoperative nausea and from PubMed Scopus Google nausea for for of of of for for in a nurses to is for surgical are associated with patient and healthcare reduction have been to the of a surgical and include surgical and perioperative J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google during pre-operative phase and through and return to recovery on the of surgery patients to is an of and includes on surgical care, and It is also to information to the of the A information in to to when and to have been hospital the for of recovery at post-operative and is of hospital be M Addor V. J. C. et impact of an enhanced recovery pathway on nursing a J Surg. 2015; 24: PubMed Scopus Google A.J. M. et to surgical and for Surg. PubMed Scopus Google is as a surgical in clinical O. M. K.C. Enhanced recovery after surgery: a Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar in also an impact on of stay, and cost to ERAS guidelines are at ERAS and are on the M Nygren J Francis et for perioperative care in colorectal surgery: enhanced recovery after surgery J Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar The implementation with the of a out each and The care of a patient is and after of the members of the It is also the of team to with the in and to A.J. S. surgery: peri-operative PubMed Google nurses and at of ERAS J J et enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing for patients 11: PubMed Scopus Google Scholar ERAS nursing pathway be across for major This across the care to and of an for K.M. Keller D.S. Delaney C.P. Successful implementation of an enhanced recovery pathway: the nurse's role.AORN J. 2015; 102: 469-481Crossref PubMed Scopus (19) Google Scholar including burden also be to post-operative J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google Scholar also at of reduction of patient care, complications, and cost M. of the enhanced recovery after J Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google professionals are well as and members of the team for ERAS In spite of continuous advances in anaesthesia, surgery and perioperative care, major surgery is still associated with undesirable sequel such as pain, cardiopulmonary, infective and thromboembolic complications, cerebral dysfunction, nausea and gastrointestinal paralysis, fatigue, and prolonged convalescence.1.Kehlet H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) was initiated by Professor Henrik Kehlet in the 1990s,1.Kehlet H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar and enhanced recovery programmes (ERPs) have become an important focus of perioperative management for most major surgeries. These care pathways are integrated as the patient moves from home through the pre-hospital/pre-admission, pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative phases of surgery and home again. ERAS represents a model of perioperative care in by re-examining traditional practices and replacing them with evidence-based good practices when necessary. It also covers each phase of the patient's journey through the surgical process. These programmes attempt to modify the physiological and psychological responses to major surgery,2.Fearon K.C. Ljungqvist O. Von Meyenfeldt M. Revhaug A. Dejong C.H. Lassen K. et al.Enhanced recovery after surgery: a consensus review of clinical care for patients undergoing colonic resection.Clin Nutr. 2005; 24: 466-477Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1019) Google Scholar and have been shown to lead to a reduction in complications and hospital stay, improvements in cardiopulmonary function, earlier return of bowel function, and earlier resumption of normal activities.3.Lassen K. Soop M. Nygren J. Cox P.B. Hendry P.O. Spies C. et al.Consensus review of optimal perioperative care in colorectal surgery: enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) Group recommendations.Arch Surg. 2009; 144: 961-969Crossref PubMed Scopus (781) Google Scholar,4.Eskicioglu C. Forbes S.S. Aarts M.A. Okrainec A. McLeod R.S. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs for patients having colorectal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.J Gastrointest Surg. 2009; 13: 2321-2329Crossref PubMed Scopus (200) Google Scholar The key principles of the ERAS protocol include pre-operative counselling, pre-operative nutrition, avoidance of peri-operative fasting, and carbohydrate loading up to 2 ​h pre-operatively, standardised anaesthetic and analgesic regimens (epidural and non-opioid analgesia) and early mobilisation.5.Weimann A. Braga M. Harsanyi L. Laviano A. Ljungqvist O. Soeters P. et al.ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: surgery including organ transplantation.Clin Nutr. 2006; 25: 224-244Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (846) Google Scholar of the most important aspects is the ERAS team.6.Melnyk M Casey R. G Black P Koupparis A.J. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols: time to change practice?.Canad Urol Asso J = J de l’Asso des Urol du Canad. 2011; 5: 342-348Crossref PubMed Scopus (218) Google Scholar It is an interdisciplinary team and refers to a group of healthcare professionals from diverse fields who work together in a cohesive and collaborative fashion with trust to share expertise, knowledge, and skills to engage and optimise the patient across the entire pathway.7.Nancarrow S.A Booth A. Ariss S. Smith T. Enderby P. Roots A. Ten principles of good interdisciplinary team work.Hum Resour Health. 2013; 11: 19Crossref PubMed Scopus (339) Google Scholar,8.Care P.-C. CRNAs and the Interprofessional Team. American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, Park Ridge, IL2012Google Scholar This includes pre-admission staff, dieticians, nurses, physiotherapists, social workers, occupational therapists, and doctors. All team members must be familiar with ERAS principles and be motivated to carry out the programme; they must be able to overcome traditional concepts, teaching, and attitudes towards perioperative care.6.Melnyk M Casey R. G Black P Koupparis A.J. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols: time to change practice?.Canad Urol Asso J = J de l’Asso des Urol du Canad. 2011; 5: 342-348Crossref PubMed Scopus (218) Google Scholar For implementation to be successful, nurses were found to be key and play a central part of the team taking care of surgical patients by providing education, peri-operative care, and post-operative evaluation, as well as cost containment.9.Brady K.M. Keller D.S. Delaney C.P. Successful implementation of an enhanced recovery pathway: the nurse's role.AORN J. 2015; 102: 469-481Crossref PubMed Scopus (19) Google Scholar They are at the forefront of daily patient care and have therefore a major impact on securing the adherence to ERAS pathway elements. Nursing within ERAS care implies a shift from traditional nursing to additional important tasks, including dedicated information (setting expectations), coaching of patients, and control, monitoring, and documentation of the recovery process.10.Pache B. Addor V. Hübner M. Nursing considerations during patient recovery.in: Ljungqvist O. Francis N.K. Urman R.D. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery: A Complete Guide to Optimizing Outcomes. Springer International Publishing, Cham2020: 229-234Crossref Google Scholar Systematic implementation of ERAS was associated with decreased nursing workload and higher compliance was associated with lower work burden for the nurses.11.Hübner M Addor V. J. C. et impact of an enhanced recovery pathway on nursing a J Surg. 2015; 24: PubMed Scopus Google Scholar Nursing considerations for ERAS education, and to surgery and also care in It also to and patient and early R. A. J. C. et and postoperative for undergoing surgery Google A. K. J. M. A for patients undergoing surgery: a review of and of 2015; Scopus Google Scholar patients and and nursing professionals and impact of ERAS and ERAS implementation the with members of the team including the and have shown patients to be well and from a at the time of for up to K. K. H. J. C. of psychological and after for 2005; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar to be in nurses be and to the for with and K. K. H. J. C. of psychological and after for 2005; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar to by patients on to post-operative phase are and are also most when they are able to engage in such as to to A. A the to implementation of enhanced recovery after J Surg. PubMed Scopus Google of patients with is The been to the of and and the patient to with the of H. Enhanced recovery after surgery in PubMed Scopus Google Scholar nutrition, for patients undergoing is an for complications, hospital and for in patients undergoing and surgery: an of Google Scholar and of is an of ERAS In of the the of and as of the in a of A. Braga M. Harsanyi L. Laviano A. Ljungqvist O. Soeters P. et al.ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: surgery including organ transplantation.Clin Nutr. 2006; 25: 224-244Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (846) Google have be up to 2 and a up to anaesthesia, in and M. S. P. for to perioperative Google Scholar including be in patients with gastrointestinal as well as in patients undergoing J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google Scholar on of to be The ERAS to be with and to be for pain, nutrition, and of ERAS of post-operative care are for patients undergoing M. of the enhanced recovery after J Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar must perioperative to post-operative include pain, H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google for monitoring, and documentation to be to be and for recovery and return function, for of to are for early and A.J. S. surgery: peri-operative PubMed Google Scholar These be by management of pain, post-operative surgical care, and early of post-operative is a to post-operative and when integrated an the surgical organ and gastrointestinal to early and to early H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar of in care the to care nausea and in management of M. A for postoperative nausea and from PubMed Scopus Google nausea for for of of of for for in a nurses to is for surgical are associated with patient and healthcare reduction have been to the of a surgical and include surgical and perioperative J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google during pre-operative phase and through and return to recovery on the of surgery patients to is an of and includes on surgical care, and It is also to information to the of the A information in to to when and to have been hospital the for of recovery at post-operative and is of hospital be M Addor V. J. C. et impact of an enhanced recovery pathway on nursing a J Surg. 2015; 24: PubMed Scopus Google A.J. M. et to surgical and for Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar education, and to surgery and also care in It also to and patient and early R. A. J. C. et and postoperative for undergoing surgery Google A. K. J. M. A for patients undergoing surgery: a review of and of 2015; Scopus Google Scholar patients and and nursing professionals and impact of ERAS and ERAS implementation the with members of the team including the and have shown patients to be well and from a at the time of for up to K. K. H. J. C. of psychological and after for 2005; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar to be in nurses be and to the for with and K. K. H. J. C. of psychological and after for 2005; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar to by patients on to post-operative phase are and are also most when they are able to engage in such as to to A. A the to implementation of enhanced recovery after J Surg. PubMed Scopus Google of patients with is The been to the of and and the patient to with the of H. Enhanced recovery after surgery in PubMed Scopus Google Scholar nutrition, for patients undergoing is an for complications, hospital and for in patients undergoing and surgery: an of Google Scholar and of is an of ERAS In of the the of and as of the in a of A. Braga M. Harsanyi L. Laviano A. Ljungqvist O. Soeters P. et al.ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: surgery including organ transplantation.Clin Nutr. 2006; 25: 224-244Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (846) Google Scholar education, and to surgery and also care in It also to and patient and early R. A. J. C. et and postoperative for undergoing surgery Google A. K. J. M. A for patients undergoing surgery: a review of and of 2015; Scopus Google Scholar patients and and nursing professionals and impact of ERAS and ERAS implementation the with members of the team including the and have shown patients to be well and from a at the time of for up to K. K. H. J. C. of psychological and after for 2005; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar to be in nurses be and to the for with and K. K. H. J. C. of psychological and after for 2005; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar to by patients on to post-operative phase are and are also most when they are able to engage in such as to to A. A the to implementation of enhanced recovery after J Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar of patients with is The been to the of and and the patient to with the of H. Enhanced recovery after surgery in PubMed Scopus Google Scholar nutrition, for patients undergoing is an for complications, hospital and for in patients undergoing and surgery: an of Google Scholar and of is an of ERAS In of the the of and as of the in a of A. Braga M. Harsanyi L. Laviano A. Ljungqvist O. Soeters P. et al.ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: surgery including organ transplantation.Clin Nutr. 2006; 25: 224-244Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (846) Google Scholar have be up to 2 and a up to anaesthesia, in and M. S. P. for to perioperative Google Scholar including be in patients with gastrointestinal as well as in patients undergoing J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google Scholar on of to be The ERAS to be with and to be for pain, nutrition, and of have be up to 2 and a up to anaesthesia, in and M. S. P. for to perioperative Google Scholar including be in patients with gastrointestinal as well as in patients undergoing J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google Scholar on of to be The ERAS to be with and to be for pain, nutrition, and of ERAS of post-operative care are for patients undergoing M. of the enhanced recovery after J Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar must perioperative to post-operative include pain, H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google for monitoring, and documentation to be to be and for recovery and return function, for of to are for early and A.J. S. surgery: peri-operative PubMed Google Scholar These be by management of pain, post-operative surgical care, and early of post-operative is a to post-operative and when integrated an the surgical organ and gastrointestinal to early and to early H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar of in care the to care nausea and in management of M. A for postoperative nausea and from PubMed Scopus Google nausea for for of of of for for in a nurses to is for surgical are associated with patient and healthcare reduction have been to the of a surgical and include surgical and perioperative J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google Scholar ERAS of post-operative care are for patients undergoing M. of the enhanced recovery after J Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar must perioperative to post-operative include pain, H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar for monitoring, and documentation to be to be and for recovery and return function, for of to are for early and A.J. S. surgery: peri-operative PubMed Google Scholar These be by management of pain, post-operative surgical care, and early of post-operative is a to post-operative and when integrated an the surgical organ and gastrointestinal to early and to early H. Multimodal approach to control postoperative pathophysiology and rehabilitation.Br J Anaesth. 1997; 78: 606-617Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1723) Google Scholar of in care the to care nausea and in management of M. A for postoperative nausea and from PubMed Scopus Google Scholar nurses to is for surgical are associated with patient and healthcare reduction have been to the of a surgical and include surgical and perioperative J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google Scholar during pre-operative phase and through and return to recovery on the of surgery patients to is an of and includes on surgical care, and It is also to information to the of the A information in to to when and to have been hospital the for of recovery at post-operative and is of hospital be M Addor V. J. C. et impact of an enhanced recovery pathway on nursing a J Surg. 2015; 24: PubMed Scopus Google A.J. M. et to surgical and for Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar during pre-operative phase and through and return to recovery on the of surgery patients to is an of and includes on surgical care, and It is also to information to the of the A information in to to when and to have been hospital the for of recovery at post-operative and is of hospital be M Addor V. J. C. et impact of an enhanced recovery pathway on nursing a J Surg. 2015; 24: PubMed Scopus Google A.J. M. et to surgical and for Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar is as a surgical in clinical O. M. K.C. Enhanced recovery after surgery: a Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar in also an impact on of stay, and cost to ERAS guidelines are at ERAS and are on the M Nygren J Francis et for perioperative care in colorectal surgery: enhanced recovery after surgery J Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar The implementation with the of a out each and The care of a patient is and after of the members of the It is also the of team to with the in and to A.J. S. surgery: peri-operative PubMed Google nurses and at of ERAS J J et enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing for patients 11: PubMed Scopus Google Scholar ERAS nursing pathway be across for major This across the care to and of an for K.M. Keller D.S. Delaney C.P. Successful implementation of an enhanced recovery pathway: the nurse's role.AORN J. 2015; 102: 469-481Crossref PubMed Scopus (19) Google Scholar including burden also be to post-operative J. A. et for perioperative care in enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) J PubMed Scopus Google Scholar also at of reduction of patient care, complications, and cost M. of the enhanced recovery after J Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google professionals are well as and members of the team for ERAS ERAS is as a surgical in clinical O. M. K.C. Enhanced recovery after surgery: a Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar in also an impact on of stay, and cost to ERAS guidelines are at ERAS and are on the M Nygren J Francis et for perioperative care in colorectal surgery: enhanced recovery after surgery J Surg. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar The implementation with the of a out each and The care of a patient is and after of the members of the It is also the of team to with the in and to A.J. S. surgery: peri-operative PubMed Google Scholar